TDP-43
A protein linked to LATE
LATE is associated with changes in a protein called TDP-43, especially in brain areas important for memory.
LATE information center
Questions about LATE, answered clearly.
LATE can affect memory and thinking in very old age. Here is what researchers know, what is still being studied, and where to start if you have concerns.
What we know
LATE is a brain disease connected to TDP-43.
It can cause memory and thinking changes that resemble Alzheimer’s disease, and it can occur alongside other brain changes.
Symptoms
Memory changes can look familiar
During life, symptoms can resemble Alzheimer’s disease. This can make the cause of memory changes hard to determine.
Overlap
More than one cause is possible
LATE can occur with Alzheimer’s disease and other brain changes, which may affect how symptoms appear over time.
What research is still learning
Important questions remain.
Researchers are working to recognize LATE more clearly during life and to understand why it develops, who is most affected, and how it changes over time.
Recognizing LATE during life
- There is not yet a single routine test that can diagnose LATE during life.
- Symptoms and other health information can help clinicians consider possible causes of memory change.
- Better biomarkers are a central goal of current research.
Preparing for better care
- Researchers are studying how LATE overlaps with Alzheimer’s disease and other conditions.
- More knowledge can support more accurate recognition and future clinical trials.
- There are no approved treatments specifically for LATE at this time.
Frequently asked questions
Start with the questions most people ask.
These answers describe the current state of knowledge. They are not a substitute for personal medical care.
What does “LATE” stand for?
LATE stands for Limbic-predominant Age-related TDP-43 Encephalopathy. It refers to a brain disease associated with changes in the TDP-43 protein.
Is LATE the same as Alzheimer’s disease?
No. LATE and Alzheimer’s disease are distinct, but they can cause similar memory and thinking changes. They can also occur together in the same person.
Who is most often affected?
LATE is most often found in people in very old age, particularly people age 80 and older. Researchers are still learning why some people develop it.
Can LATE be diagnosed with a routine test?
Not yet. At present, it is difficult to determine with certainty during life whether LATE is causing a person’s symptoms. Research aims to develop better tools.
Is there a treatment for LATE?
There are no approved treatments specifically for LATE at this time. A health professional can help evaluate symptoms and discuss appropriate care and support.
Does a family history mean someone will develop LATE?
Researchers are still studying risk factors. A family history of memory problems does not by itself mean a person will develop LATE.
When to talk with a doctor
Bring changes to a health professional’s attention.
New or worsening memory and thinking changes deserve a thoughtful evaluation, especially when they interfere with everyday life or safety.
Memory is changingForgetting important information, repeating questions, or noticing changes that are getting worse.
Daily tasks are harderDifficulty with medications, bills, cooking, appointments, navigation, or other familiar activities.
Safety or behavior has changedConfusion about place or time, changes in judgment, mood, sleep, routines, or safety concerns.
Looking for research information?
Visit the researcher page for the TRC-LATE Study design, participating sites, and study contact information.